This panel will delve into the evolving strategic environment by examining the current geopolitical environment, as well as the disruptive impact of two simultaneous trends in air superiority: First, the proliferation of readily available, cost-effective technologies such as loitering munitions and one-way attack drones, which has lowered the barrier to entry onto the modern battlefield and challenges NATO air superiority as we know it. Second, the panel will discuss the rapid modernization of peer competitors as they field 5th and 6th generation fleets, advanced weapons, and space platforms at an astonishing rate. This session will provide an overview of the complex factors shaping the future of air and space power, highlighting the urgency to adapt and innovate, and identifying areas for immediate action.